Tag: biofilm

Decolonization of staphylococcus aureus and therapeutic test to assist the diagnosis in me/cfs, long covid, post-vaccine covid syndrome and other diseases with fatigue and/or chronic pain

Abstract:

Nasal Decolonization is performed with an antiseptic such as Povidone-iodine. For the Therapeutic Test an Antibiotic such as Flucloxacillin plus Probiotics or other supplements with an effect against S.aureus is indicated.

There is a Subgroup of patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and Long COVID Syndrome or PACS who present a persistent bacterial infection that affects the upper respiratory tract, and especially at the level of the nostrils.

We estimate that this Subgroup of patients presenting this persistent infection as a causal or contributing factor would be around a third of all cases.

The most frequent causative agent of these persistent and/or recurrent infections is the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium. According to the studies carried out, this bacterium is present in the nasal passages of between 16 and 36% of the general population, who are asymptomatic carriers of Staphylococcus aureus, and are often unaware of it.

In health professionals who carry out care work, the percentage of carriers can exceed 50%. In a recent study carried out in health workers and medical students, 65% of nasal carriers of S. aureus were reported, and of these, 74% were multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and 69% were biofilm-forming bacteria [1].

Source: Gustavo Aguirre Chang and Aurora Natividad Trujillo Figueredo. Decolonization of staphylococcus aureus and therapeutic test to assist the diagnosis in me/cfs, long covid, post-vaccine covid syndrome and other diseases with fatigue and/or chronic pain. ResearchGate [Preprint] 2/17/23. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368646387_DECOLONIZATION_OF_STAPHYLOCOCCUS_AUREUS_AND_THERAPEUTIC_TEST_TO_ASSIST_THE_DIAGNOSIS_IN_MECFS_LONG_COVID_POST-VACCINE_COVID_SYNDROME_AND_OTHER_DISEASES_WITH_FATIGUE_ANDOR_CHRONIC_PAIN (Full text)

Breast Implant-Associated Immunological Disorders

Abstract:

Background: Breast implants are commonly placed postbreast cancer reconstruction, cosmetic augmentation, and gender-affirming surgery. Breast implant illness (BII) is a systemic complication associated with breast implants. Patients with BII may experience autoimmune symptoms including fatigue, difficulty concentrating, hair loss, weight change, and depression. BII is poorly understood, and the etiology is unknown. The purpose of this literature review is to characterize BII autoimmune disorders and determine possible causes for its etiology.

Methods: The PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and OVID databases were interrogated from 2010 to 2020 using a query strategy including search term combinations of “implants,” “breast implant illness,” “autoimmune,” and “systemic illness.”

Results: BII includes a spectrum of autoimmune symptoms such as fatigue, myalgias/arthralgias, dry eyes/mouth, and rash. A review of epidemiological studies in the past ten years exhibited evidence affirming an association between breast implants and autoimmune diseases. The most commonly recognized were Sjogren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, and Raynaud’s syndrome. Explantation resulted in alleviation of symptoms in over 50% of patients, strengthening the hypothesis linking breast implants to BII. Studies have shown that silicone is a biologically inert material and unlikely to be the cause of these symptoms. This is supported by the fact that increased risk of autoimmune disease was also reported in patients with other implantable biomaterials such as orthopedic implants. Recent studies shed light on a possible role of bacterial biofilm and subsequent host-pathogen interactions as a confounding factor to this problem.

Conclusion: BII could be dependent on biofilm infection and the microenvironment around the implants. The true pathophysiology behind these complaints must be further investigated so that alternative treatment regimens other than explantation can be developed. Translational significance of these studies is not limited to breast implants but extends to other implants as well.

Source: Suh LJ, Khan I, Kelley-Patteson C, Mohan G, Hassanein AH, Sinha M. Breast Implant-Associated Immunological Disorders. J Immunol Res. 2022 May 4;2022:8536149. doi: 10.1155/2022/8536149. PMID: 35571560; PMCID: PMC9095406. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35571560/