Category: Prevalence

Prevalence and incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Wichita, Kansas

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating illness with no known cause or effective therapy. Population-based epidemiologic data on CFS prevalence and incidence are critical to put CFS in a realistic context for public health officials and others responsible for allocating resources and for practicing physicians when examining and caring for patients.

METHODS: We conducted a random digit-dialing survey and clinical examination to estimate the prevalence of CFS in the general population of Wichita, Kan, and a 1-year follow-up telephone interview and clinical examination to estimate the incidence of CFS. The survey included 33 997 households representing 90 316 residents. This report focuses on 7162 respondents aged 18 to 69 years. Fatigued (n = 3528) and randomly selected nonfatigued (n = 3634) respondents completed telephone questionnaires concerning fatigue, other symptoms, and medical history. The clinical examination included the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, laboratory testing, and a physical examination.

RESULTS: The overall weighted point prevalence of CFS, adjusted for nonresponse, was 235 per 100,000 persons (95% confidence interval, 142-327 per 100,000 persons). The prevalence of CFS was higher among women, 373 per 100,000 persons (95% confidence interval, 210-536 per 100,000 persons), than among men, 83 per 100,000 persons (95% confidence interval, 15-150 per 100,000 persons). Among subjects nonfatigued and fatigued for less than 6 months, the 1-year incidence of CFS was 180 per 100,000 persons (95% confidence interval, 0-466 per 100,000 persons).

CONCLUSIONS: Chronic fatigue syndrome constitutes a major public health problem. Longitudinal follow-up of this cohort will be used to further evaluate the natural history of this illness.

 

Source: Reyes M, Nisenbaum R, Hoaglin DC, Unger ER, Emmons C, Randall B, Stewart JA, Abbey S, Jones JF, Gantz N, Minden S, Reeves WC. Prevalence and incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Wichita, Kansas. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Jul 14;163(13):1530-6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12860574

 

Unexplained fatigue syndromes in a multinational primary care sample: specificity of definition and prevalence and distinctiveness from depression and generalized anxiety

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated whether narrow definitions of unexplained fatigue syndromes that require additional minor somatic symptoms are more strongly associated with psychiatric morbidity than wider ones.

METHOD: This was a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization Collaborative Project on Psychological Problems in General Health Care. A total of 5,438 primary care patients from 14 countries were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

RESULTS: The prevalence of fatigue syndromes fell from 7.99 to 1.69 as somatic criteria were added. Patients with depression or anxiety were more likely to report unexplained fatigue, but this association was stronger for definitions of unexplained fatigue with more somatic criteria.

CONCLUSIONS: Definitions of unexplained fatigue syndromes that require more somatic criteria selected more patients with psychiatric disorders in this culturally diverse sample. These findings might have implications for the revision of existing international diagnostic criteria for neurasthenia or chronic fatigue syndrome.

 

Source: Skapinakis P, Lewis G, Mavreas V. Unexplained fatigue syndromes in a multinational primary care sample: specificity of definition and prevalence and distinctiveness from depression and generalized anxiety. Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Apr;160(4):785-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12668371

 

The prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Iceland – a national comparison by gender drawing on four different criteria

Erratum in: The prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Iceland–a national comparison by gender drawing on four different criteria. [Nord J Psychiatry. 2006]

 

Abstract:

The study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in Iceland. No previous prevalence studies known to us have been undertaken in Iceland or in Scandinavia. A 95-item custom-made questionnaire was sent to 4000 randomly selected people. The response rate was 63%. The questionnaire was constructed to include questions on all the items found in the four most common criteria for diagnosing CFS; the criteria being Australian, British and American.

Results show very different prevalences according to the criteria used. The prevalence ranged from 0 to 4.9%, with the most established criteria yielding a prevalence of 1.4%. Re-test validity of the questionnaire was good, the following results are based on the selection criteria by Fukuda et al. (Fukuda K, Straus SE, Hickie I, Sharpe MC, Dobbins JG, Komaroff A, et al. The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study. Ann Int Med 1994;121:953-9).

Women were in a majority (78%); their mean age was 44, they were fully employed and worked long hours. They believed that the onset of their symptoms was stress related. The type of work was unskilled in the majority of cases. A significant proportion of the males felt a constant buzzing in their ears (P < 0.05). Food suppliants were used daily by significantly more women than men (P < 0.01). Men had more frequently phobic symptoms (P < 0.001) than did women. Differences were found in the prevalence of phobia and panic (P < 0.001) between women in the CFS group compared to healthy ones. A positive correlation was found in the prevalence of phobia between women in the CFS group and those with Iceland Disease.

Comment in: The prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Iceland–a national comparison by gender drawing on four different criteria. [Nord J Psychiatry. 2006]

 

Source: Líndal E, Stefánsson JG, Bergmann S. The prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Iceland – a national comparison by gender drawing on four different criteria. Nord J Psychiatry. 2002;56(4):273-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12470318

 

Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and multiple chemical sensitivities in a community-based sample of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome-like symptoms

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine illness comorbidity rates for individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia (FM), and multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS). An additional objective was to identify characteristics related to the severity of fatigue, disability, and psychiatric comorbidity in each of these illness groups.

METHODS: A random sample of 18,675 residents in Chicago, Illinois, was first interviewed by telephone. A control group and a group of individuals with chronic fatigue accompanied by at least four minor symptoms associated with CFS received medical and psychiatric examinations.

RESULTS: Of the 32 individuals with CFS, 40.6% met criteria for MCS and 15.6% met criteria for FM. Individuals with MCS or more than one diagnosis reported more physical fatigue than those with no diagnosis. Individuals with more than one diagnosis also reported greater mental fatigue and were less likely to be working than those with no diagnosis. Individuals with CFS, MCS, FM, or more than one diagnosis reported greater disability than those with no diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS: Rates of coexisting disorders were lower than those reported in prior studies. Discrepancies may be in part attributable to differences in sampling procedures. People with CFS, MCS, or FM endure significant disability in terms of physical, occupational, and social functioning, and those with more than one of these diagnoses also report greater severity of physical and mental fatigue. The findings illustrate differences among the illness groups in the range of functional impairment experienced.

 

Source: Jason LA, Taylor RR, Kennedy CL. Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and multiple chemical sensitivities in a community-based sample of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome-like symptoms. Psychosom Med. 2000 Sep-Oct;62(5):655-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11020095

 

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome as recognized by GPs

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Prevalence studies on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) are rare. Because of the similarity in symptoms, the prevalence of Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome (PFS) was investigated at the same time.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of CFS and PFS as recognized by GPs in The Netherlands and to inform them of the existence of CFS.

METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent to all GPs.

RESULTS: The questionnaire was returned by 60% of the GPs. Seventy-three per cent reported one or more CFS patients and 83% one or more PFS patients in their practice.

CONCLUSION: The estimated prevalence of CFS as recognized by GPs of 112 (PFS 157) patients per 100,000 is a minimum estimate.

 

Source: Bazelmans E, Vercoulen JH, Swanink CM, Fennis JF, Galama JM, van Weel C, van der Meer JW, Bleijenberg G. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome as recognized by GPs. Fam Pract. 1999 Dec;16(6):602-4. http://fampra.oxfordjournals.org/content/16/6/602.long (Full article)

 

A community-based study of chronic fatigue syndrome

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Most previous estimates of the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have derived largely from treated populations, and have been biased by differential access to health care treatment linked with sex, ethnic identification, and socioeconomic status.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the point prevalence of CFS in an ethnically diverse random community sample.

DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A sample of 28,673 adults in Chicago, Ill, was screened by telephone, and those with CFS-like symptoms were medically evaluated.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND ANALYSES: Self-report questionnaires, psychiatric evaluations, and complete medical examinations with laboratory testing were used to diagnose patients with CFS. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were used to delineate the overall rate of CFS in this population, and its relative prevalence was subcategorized by sex, ethnic identification, age, and socioeconomic status.

RESULTS: There was a 65.1% completion rate for the telephone interviews during the first phase of the study. Findings indicated that CFS occurs in about 0.42% (95% confidence interval, 0.29%-0.56%) of this random community-based sample. The highest levels of CFS were consistently found among women, minority groups, and persons with lower levels of education and occupational status.

CONCLUSIONS: Chronic fatigue syndrome is a common chronic health condition, especially for women, occurring across ethnic groups. Earlier findings suggesting that CFS is a syndrome primarily affecting white, middle-class patients were not supported by our findings.

 

Source: Jason LA, Richman JA, Rademaker AW, Jordan KM, Plioplys AV, Taylor RR, McCready W, Huang CF, Plioplys S. A community-based study of chronic fatigue syndrome. Arch Intern Med. 1999 Oct 11;159(18):2129-37. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10527290

 

The chronic fatigue and neurasthenia in the student population

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in community studies, primary care and other medical setting. In spite of a high frequency of fatigue, the incidence of chronic fatigue syndrome is very low. In this paper, we want to know the frequency of chronic fatigue syndrome and neurasthenia; we want to know the association between fatigue and depressive symptoms in students.

METHODS: We studied 277 medical student, administering: 1. a center for disease control questionnaire to assess major criteria and minor criteria of chronic fatigue syndrome, 2. ICD 10 criteria for the diagnoses of neurasthenia and 3. Beck depression inventory.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We found that the 37,55% of the subjects suffer fatigue. 9 subjects (3,25% of the total) meet the criteria of neurasthenia. 2 subjects (0,72% of the total) meet the chronic fatigue syndrome criteria. The depressive symptoms are most frequent in the subjects with fatigue, but we don’t know if they are the cause or the consequence of the fatigue. With the factorial analyses, we find that symptoms of physical fatigue, mental fatigue and cognitive difficulties are factor independent of each other.

 

Source: Mojarro Práxedes MD, Benjumea Pino P. The chronic fatigue and neurasthenia in the student population. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 1999 Jan-Feb;27(1):14-21. [Article in Spanish] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10380143

 

Patients with fatigue in family practice: prevalence and treatment

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To gain insight into the prevalence and treatment of severe fatigue in general practice.

DESIGN: Secondary data analysis.

METHOD: By means of an episode-oriented morbidity registration by 54 GPs throughout the Netherlands over the period 1985-1994 it was established how often in the course of one year ‘fatigue’ was listed as the reason for consultation, what diagnoses were then made, how long episodes of care because of ‘fatigue’ lasted and what interventions took place (n = 93,297). Of the patients with a care episode because of ‘fatigue’ lasting at least 6 months, age, sex, comorbidity and consumption of care were established; for this purpose use was also made of a file containing data on 4 years in succession (n = 9630).

RESULTS: Per annum, 92 per 1000 listed patients consulted the GP because of fatigue. Somatic or psychic diagnoses were made in 27.7 per 1000 patients listed. The episode of care lasted 4 weeks at most in 86% and at least 6 months in approximately 4%. The GPs’ management of patients with ‘fatigue’ included physical examination in 63% and blood testing in 34%, conversation in 35%, prescription of medication in 24% and referral to a specialist in 3%. Of the 97 patients with fatigue lasting longer than 6 months, 61% had a chronic disease or psychic problems.

CONCLUSION: Fatigue is frequently encountered in general practice, but the estimate that one per 1000 listed patients meets the criteria of the chronic fatigue syndrome looks a little high. It appears that GPs, in accordance with recommendations, mostly adopt a policy of wait and see.

 

Source: Kenter EG, Okkes IM. Patients with fatigue in family practice: prevalence and treatment. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1999 Apr 10;143(15):796-801. [Article in Dutch] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10347643

 

Prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in a community population in Japan

Abstract:

In order to know the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in a community population in Japan, we analyzed data from a population-based interview survey. Two cases out of 137 respondents experienced chronic fatigue during a period of nine months, suffered from 50% or more reduction of daily activity due to fatigue and had no other physical or psychiatric diagnosis. Both of the two cases fulfilled the 1994 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria and the British criteria. The point and nine-month prevalence rates of CFS were both 1.5% (95% confidence intervals, 0.4-5.2%). None fulfilled the 1989 CDC criteria for CFS. The prevalence rate of CFS was higher than those in previous studies in the Western countries, suggesting a need for future research on cross-cultural differences in the definition, prevalence and symptomatology of CFS.

 

Source: Kawakami N, Iwata N, Fujihara S, Kitamura T. Prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in a community population in Japan. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1998 Sep;186(1):33-41. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tjem/186/1/186_1_33/_article (Full article)

 

Estimating the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome among nurses

Abstract:

The present study assessed the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in a sample of nurses. There is a paucity of studies on the prevalence of CFS in healthcare professionals.

Two samples of nurses were recruited through mailed questionnaires. Data were collected on demographic characteristics and symptoms. In addition from the sample, those nurses with CFS-like symptoms were more comprehensively evaluated using a structured clinical interview and reviewing their medical records. A physician review team estimated the prevalence of CFS to be 1,088 per 100,000.

These findings suggest that nurses might represent a high-risk group for this illness, possibly due to occupational stressors such as exposure to viruses in the work setting, stressful shift work that is disruptive to biologic rhythms, or to other possible stressors in the work settings (e.g., accidents).

 

Source: Jason LA, Wagner L, Rosenthal S, Goodlatte J, Lipkin D, Papernik M, Plioplys S, Plioplys AV. Estimating the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome among nurses. Am J Med. 1998 Sep 28;105(3A):91S-93S. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9790488